The court also prohibited Alves from coming within 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) of the victim.
The court's decision drew a furious response from the defense lawyer.
"To me, it's a scandal that they let a person who they know can get a million euros in no time walk free," the victim's lawyer, Ester Garcia, told RAC1 radio station immediately after the ruling.
The far-left party Sumar alliance — a junior partner in Spain's governing coalition — denounced the ruling as well on their X handle.
"Justice is patriarchal and discriminates according to class. Enough already," it posted.
What we know about the Dani Alves case
One of the world's most decorated footballers, Alves played for Barcelona and Paris Saint-Germain.
He was accused of raping a 23-year-old woman in a bathroom of a Barcelona nightclub early in the morning of December. 31, 2022.
He denied any wrongdoing in a trial that took place over three days in February.
A Barcelona court found the Brazillian soccer star guilty and sentenced to four years and six months in prison.